Heater for internal-combustion engines.



F. J. O. F. KNAAK. HEATER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES APPLICATION FILED JUNB11,1913.

Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

l v/ f/ FRANK J. C. I. KNAAK, OF SARATOGA SPRINGS, NEW YORK.

HEATER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification. of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

Application filed June 11, 1913. Serial No. 773,060.

To all whom it may concern lle it known that I, FRANK J. C. F. KNAAK, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Saratoga Springs, in the county of Saratoga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a speci- Iication.

This invention relates to heaters, particularly to the class which is adapted to prehcat aliquid fuel used in an internal combustion engine. 7

One object of this invention is to provide a heater in which air and oil, used for the fuel mixture, may be heated simultaneously by the exhaust gases of the engine.

Another object is to provide a heater of this character which may be previously heatcd from an extraneous source before the engine is started.

A further object is to provide a construction in which maximum heating effect is obtained from the available heat in the exhaust gases.

A further object is to provide means for maintaining the temperature of the oil, after it is once heated.

Still. further objects and advantages will appear more fully from the detailed description and the novel features in construction and combination of parts will be particularly pointed out in the claims,

In the drawing illustrating this invention, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of a heater embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a section taken along line 22 of Fig. 1.

The invention is more particularly adapted for use in a type of internal combustion engine in which the liquid fuel is directly forced into the engine cylinder. However, it may be understood that the invention may 1 be adapted with advantage also to internal combustionengines using a carbureter.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the heater is provided with an outer shell 10, having one opening 11 into which the exhaust gases are admitted, and another opening 12 through which the exhaust gases are.

drawn off. Within this shell is'disposed a preferably annular receptacle 13 in which is coiled, in a tortuous zigzag form, a tube or pipe 141- into which the oil is admitted and from which it is conveyed to the engine.

For heating the air simultaneously with theoil, the receptacle 13 is-formed with an rality of branches 20 and 21 around which the pipe or tube 14 is and is thereby strained to remove any large impurities therefrom. After passing through the thimble into the interior of the receptacle 13, the air is conveyed through a pluthrough conduits coiled, and then passed through ducts 22 formed in the cover plate 23 and down again into the interior of a sleeve 24 projecting preferably from the central portion of the annular receptacle, and then into a conduit 25 projecting from the cover plate which telescopes into the sleeve 24, and thence conducted through a force pump 26 to the engine cylinder, the pump serving to intimately mix tlzo air and vaporized fuel at their entrance into the engine cylinder. By reason of this tortuous passage of the air and the large surface it contacts in its passage, it is efliciently and thoroughly heated.

The cover plate 23 is preferably formed with a plurality of annular grooves 27, 28,

29, 30 and 31 in which the edges of the outer shell, the annular receptacle and the .sleeve 24 are respectively seated and thus serves to render the parts gastight. Moreover, by this arrangement, the cover is readily removed and the interior parts are readily accessible for inspection and repair as it may be deemed necessary from time to time. To maintain the oil in the coil hot when the engine has stopped temporarily, I provide a packing 32 of some suitable heat retaining material such as asbestos or the like, and insert the same within the annular receptacle incasing the coil 14. By inserting a requisite amount of-this heat absorbing material about the coil, the heat may be retained therein for several hours after the engine has stopped.

When the engine is first started and the parts are cold, the thimble 16 may be readily removed and a blow lamp or other heat generating device may be inserted through the sleeve 15 toheat up the coil'14. When the latter is sufiiciently heated, the thimble is again inserted in place and the amount of air admitted may be regulated by adjusting the relative positions of the openings 17 and 18. The oil pipe 14cpreferablyenters and leaves the heater through the cover plate 23 and may be removable together therewith. The pump :26 is also mounted on the cover plate, thus further facilitating the removal and adjustment of the parts. By the formation of the annular receptacle as well as the formation of the telescoping sleeve 24-, the area of the surface presented to the hot gases is materially increased and thereby a more etlicient and thorough heating action is obtained.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. A heater for heating fuel oil for internal combustion engines comprising an outer shell, an annular receptacle within the shell, a coiled pipe within the annular receptacle for conveying oil andmeans for conducting the hot gases past the exterior and interior surfaces of the annulus.

2. A heater for oil and air used in internal combustion engines comprising an outer shell for the passage of the exhaust gases therethrough, a receptacle within the shell having a coiled pipe therein for conducting oil to be heated, said receptacle having also an aperture, and conduits arranged therein for the passage of air and means for conducting the hot gases past the exterior and interior surfaces of the receptacle.

3. A heater for oil and air used in internal combustion engines comprising an outer shell for the passage of the exhaust gases therel'hrough, a receptacle within the shell having a coiled pipe therein for conducting oil to be heated, said receptacle having also an aperture, conduits arranged therein for the passage of air, means for regulating the amount of air admitted and means for conducting the hot gases past the exterior andinterior surfaces of the receptacle.

4. A heater for oil and air used in internal combustion engines comprising an outer shell for the passage of the exhaust gases therelhrough, a receptacle within the shell having a coiled pipe therein for conducting oil to be heated, said receptacle having also an aperture, conduits arranged therein for the passage of air, means for regulating and filtering the air admitted to be heated and means for conducting the hot gases past the exterior and interior surfaces of the receptacle.

An oil and air heater for internal combustion engines comprising an outer shell adapted for the passage of the exhaust gases therethrough, an annular receptacle within the shell, a coil of pipe within the receptacle through which the oil to be heated is conducted, a plurality of branched conduits within the receptacle for heating air, and means for adn'iitting air to said conduits.

6. An oil and air heater for internal combustion engines comprising a shell, through which the exhaust gases are passed, an annular receptacle within the shell, a coiled pipe within the receptacle adapted to conduct the oil to be heated, a conduit within the receptacle, and a sleeve projecting from the base of the receptacle through which the air to be heated is passed.

7. An oil and air heater for internal cont bustion engines comprising a shell, a receptacle within the shell, a coil within the receptacle adapted to conduct oil to be heated, a plurality of branched conduits within the receptacle for conducting the air, and a plurality of telescoping sleeves through which the air passes from said branched conduits.

S. An oil and air heater for internal combustion engines comprising a shell, an annular receptacle within the shell, a coil within the receptacle adapted to conduct the oil to be heated, a plurality of branched conduits Within the receptacle through which the air passes, a sleeve extending from the base of the receptacle and another sleeve telescoping therewith. said sleeves communicating with the branched conduits and forming a tortuous passage for the air to be heated.

9. An oil and air heater for internal combustion engines con'iprising an outer shell, an annular receptacle within the shell provided with a sleeve extending through an aperture in the shell, a coil within the receptacle adapted to conduct oil, a plurality of branched conduits communicating with said sleeve adapted to conduct air to be heated. a cover for the receptacle having a depending conduit, an upstanding conduit formed upon the receptacle and telescoping with said depending conduit, said conduits communicating with the branched conduits in the receptacle and forming a tortuous passage for the air to be heated.

10. An oil and air heater for internal combustion engines comprising an outer shell, an annular receptacle within the shell provided with a sleeve extending through an aperture in the shell, a coil within the receptacle adapted to conduct oil, a plurality of branched conduits communicating with said sleeve adapted to conduct air to be heated, a cover for the receptacle having a depending conduit, an upstanding conduit formed upon the receptacle and telescoping with said depending conduit, said conduits communicating with the branched conduits in the receptacle and forming a tortuous passage for the air to be heated, and a thimble located within the sleeve for regulating and straining the air admitted.

11. An oil and air heater for internal combustion engines comprising an outer shell, a

coil within the shell adapted to conduct the oil to be heated, a branched conduit for conducting the air to be heated, and a plurality of telescoping conduits communicating with said branched conduit forming a tortuous passage for the air.

12. A heater for heating fuel oil for internal combustion engines comprising an outer shell, an annular receptacle within the therein for the passage of air, said receptacle having a heat retaining substance en veloping the coil.

' 14. A heater for heating fuel oil for internal combustion engines comprising an outer shell, an annular receptacle within the shell, a coiled ceptacle for conveying oil, means for conducting hot gases past the exterior end and interior surfaces of the annulus, and means for admitting and heating air comprising a plurality of telescoping sleeves located Within the annulus.

Signed at Saratoga Springs, in the countv of Saratoga and State seventh day of June A. D. 1913.

FRANK J. C. F. KNAAK.

Witnesses WiLmnn LESTER, MARIE J. V. COSTIGAN.

pipe Within the annular reof New York. this 

